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How to use this journal
This journal is designed to help you connect deeply with scripture, reflecting on how God’s work in the Bible mirrors His work in your life today. The book of Exodus offers profound insights into human nature and the values that have shaped cultures for centuries. Even if you’re not a Christian, Exodus provides valuable wisdom.
Introduction to Exodus
Exodus (meaning exit) is best understood to have been written primarily by Moses, like the rest of the Pentateuch, though some details (such as the narrative of his death in Deuteronomy 34) were clearly added at a later time. It also appears that some language and references were updated for later readers. There is no consensus among scholars as to the date when the events of the exodus took place. A common view is that the exodus occurred in c. 1446 B.C. This is based on the calculation of 480 years from Israel’s departure from Egypt to the fourth year of Solomon’s reign (c. 966 B.C.; see 1 Kings 6:1). However, because Exodus 1:11 depicts Israel working on a city called Raamses, some scholars believe that this would suggest that the exodus occurred during the reign of Raamses II in Egypt (c. 1279–1213 B.C.), possibly around 1260 B.C..
The book of Exodus can be split into two parts. In the first part (chapters 1-18), Moses leads the people out of slavery in Egypt (as depicted in numerous movies). In the second part of the book (chapters 20- 40), God gives Moses the 10 Commandments and plans for the building of a special tent.
These two halves are connected by Exodus 19, which explains God’s dealings with his people at Mt. Sinai.
Theme
The overarching theme of Exodus is the fulfillment of God’s promises to the patriarchs. The success of the exodus must be credited to the power and purpose of God, who remembers his promises, punishes sin, and forgives the repentant. The book highlights Moses’ faithfulness and prayerfulness.
Biblical Timeline
Where does Exodus fall within the stories of the Bible & Human history?
Innocence
Named "Innocence" because it reflects a state of purity and moral clarity before the introduction of sin. This period covers the time from Creation to the Fall, when humanity lived in perfect communion with God. It emphasizes the importance of obedience and illustrates the consequences of sin, teaching us about the ideal relationship between God and humanity.
Conscience
Following the Fall, this period lasts from Adam's sin until the Flood, during which humanity relied on their conscience for moral decisions. It highlights the struggles of human nature and the importance of heeding God's moral guidance, showing that our choices carry consequences. This period is called "Conscience" because it emphasizes the internal moral compass given to humanity after the Fall.
Human Government
After the Flood, God established human governance to maintain order and justice, spanning from Noah to the Tower of Babel. This period emphasizes the role of authority and governance in society, teaching us about justice, responsibility, and the importance of respecting authority. It's named "Human Government" as it marks the beginning of organized societal structures and the need for laws.
Promise
This period focuses on God's promises to Abraham and his descendants, leading to the establishment of Israel. It underscores the significance of faith and the fulfillment of God's promises, teaching us to trust in God's plans and the importance of covenant relationships. It's called "Promise" because it centers around God's covenantal commitments to His people.
Law
Beginning with the giving of the Law at Mount Sinai, this period lasts from Moses to the coming of Christ. It emphasizes the need for holiness and the recognition of sin, teaching us about God's standards and the necessity of grace, ultimately pointing to Christ as the fulfillment of the Law. This period is named "Law" due to the establishment of specific commandments that governed Israel's relationship with God.
Grace
Starting with the death and resurrection of Jesus, this period extends to the present age. It is characterized by the offer of salvation through faith in Christ, apart from the works of the Law. Grace highlights God's unmerited favor and the gift of salvation, teaching us about forgiveness, love, and living in relationship with God through faith. It's named "Grace" because it marks a new era where salvation is freely offered to all through faith.
Kingdom
This future period will be marked by Christ's reign on earth during the Millennium, including the fulfillment of God's promises and the restoration of creation. The Kingdom emphasizes hope and the ultimate fulfillment of God's plan for humanity, teaching us about God's sovereignty and the assurance of His final victory over sin and death. It's called "Kingdom" because it represents the establishment of God's reign and the realization of His kingdom on earth.